منابع مشابه
Built for speed
Many of us were taught in high school biology that the action potential waveform in nerves and other excitable tissues was generated by an initial rapid influx of external Na(+) ions across the plasma membrane, followed by an outward movement of intracellular K(+) ions. The former event, mediated by voltage-gated Na(+) channels, is responsible for the fast depolarizing upstroke of the action po...
متن کاملThe Quest for Speed: Muscles Built for High-Frequency Contractions.
Vertebrate sound-producing muscles can contract at frequencies greater than 100 Hz, a feat impossible in locomotory muscles. This is not accomplished by unique proteins or structures but by qualitative shifts in isoforms and quantitative reapportionment of structures. Speed comes with costs and trade-offs, however, that restrict how a muscle can be used.
متن کاملBuilt for speed: musculoskeletal structure and sprinting ability.
The musculoskeletal structure of the foot and ankle has the potential to influence human sprinting performance in complex ways. A large Achilles' tendon moment arm improves the mechanical advantage of the triceps surae but also produces larger shortening velocity during rapid plantarflexion, which detracts from the force-generating capacity of the plantarflexors. The lever arm of the ground rea...
متن کاملBuilt for speed, not for comfort. Darwinian theory and human culture.
Darwin believed that his theory of evolution would stand or fall on its ability to account for human behavior. No species could be an exception to his theory without imperiling the whole edifice. The ideas in the Descent of Man were widely discussed by his contemporaries although they were far from being the only evolutionary theories current in the late nineteenth century. Darwin's specific ev...
متن کاملFunctional Speed Reserve as a Proxy for the Anaerobic Speed Reserve Using the Critical Speed Concept
Background: Although maximal sprint speed (MSS) and the anaerobic speed reserve (ASR) provides valuable information about the speed profile of athletes, these parameters fall short of providing important information about sub-maximal metabolic thresholds. The only field test that can offer an estimate of a sub-maximal metabolic threshold is the 3-minute all-out test for running (3MT) which deli...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Channels
سال: 2013
ISSN: 1933-6950,1933-6969
DOI: 10.4161/chan.27652